Your Trading Toolkit

The lowest price a seller is willing to accept for a stock.

The highest price a buyer is willing to pay for a stock.

Shares of large, well-established, financially stable companies with a long track record (e.g. TCS, Reliance).

When a stock price moves above a resistance level or below a support level with high volume.

A market condition where prices are rising or expected to rise by 20%+ from recent lows.

A market condition where prices fall 20%+ from recent highs, driven by pessimism.

A mechanism that halts trading when a stock or index moves beyond a set percentage (e.g. 5%, 10%, 20%).

A dematerialized account that holds shares in electronic form, like a bank account for stocks.

A portion of company profits distributed to shareholders, usually quarterly or annually.

Net profit of a company divided by total shares outstanding — a key profitability metric.

Foreign Institutional Investor / Foreign Portfolio Investor — overseas entities investing in Indian markets.

A contract to buy or sell an asset at a predetermined price on a future date.

When a stock opens significantly higher (gap up) or lower (gap down) than the previous day's close.

Initial Public Offering — when a private company first offers shares to the public on a stock exchange.

Buying and selling stocks within the same trading day — all positions closed before market close.

Moving Average Convergence Divergence — a momentum indicator showing trend direction and strength.

Total market value of a company's outstanding shares (Share Price × Total Shares).

Benchmark index of NSE tracking the top 50 companies across 13 sectors of the Indian economy.

A contract giving the right (not obligation) to buy or sell an asset at a set price before expiry.

Price-to-Earnings ratio — stock price divided by EPS. Shows how much investors pay per rupee of earnings.

Relative Strength Index — a momentum oscillator (0-100). Above 70 = overbought, below 30 = oversold.

Benchmark index of BSE tracking the top 30 largest companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange.

Systematic Investment Plan — investing a fixed amount regularly in mutual funds or stocks.

A pre-set price at which you automatically exit a trade to limit your loss.

Price bands set by exchanges beyond which a stock cannot trade in a single session.

The number of shares traded in a given period. High volume confirms price moves.